Achieving decarbonisation in the shipping sector?

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is grappling with ways to "decarbonize" the shipping industry, a sector that consumes 5% of global oil production and is responsible for 1 billion tons of annual emissions, equivalent to the emissions of big economies like Germany or Japan.

The IMO's Global Fuel Standard is part of a historic target to transition shipping to a net zero scenario by around 2050. The organization is debating potential solutions, but the use of biofuels has sparked controversy among civil society groups.

Crop-based biofuels like soybean and palm oil are a concern due to their potential negative impacts on the environment and people. The shipping giant Hapag-Lloyd has called for their exclusion from the IMO's list of green alternatives to traditional fossil fuels.

The ecological and social impacts linked to the increased production of biofuels for shipping include potential competition for land and water resources, effects on food security, and concerns over sustainability standards and social justice, especially affecting countries in the Global South.

Advanced biofuels derived from residues and waste won't meet the demand of such a large market due to their scarcity, limited scalability, and connection with fraud risk. Improved energy efficiency through innovative ship designs is a more sustainable option for decarbonizing shipping operations.

Advanced propulsion technologies like wind assistance can also be adopted for decarbonizing shipping. The IMO's meeting in April provides an opportunity to rule out the use of biofuels for shipping and focus on these more sustainable solutions.

The longleaf pines, jungles of Brazil, and forests around the world have significant value and are worth preserving rather than being burned for temporary gain. The IMO's 176 member states, including Brazil, should consider the urging from civil society groups regarding biofuels for shipping.

The decision on biofuels for shipping could have significant implications for biodiversity and conservation efforts. The IMO should prioritize energy savings, sustainable fuels, and advanced propulsion technologies to ensure a sustainable future for the shipping industry and the planet.