Aerial Operations in Saxony: The Unusual Practice of Dropping Lime on Forests via Helicopter

Saxony, a picturesque region in Eastern Germany, has been implementing a significant soil protection program since 1986. The program, which is funded by the EU's GAP strategy plan and the Free State of Saxony to the tune of 3.14 million euros, aims to address the issue of acidified forest soils.

Over the past 35 years, approximately 400,000 hectares of forest have been treated with lime, with many areas undergoing multiple treatments. On average, around 300 grams of lime per square meter are applied during the lime flights, which take place between July and October.

The focus of this year's lime flights is on Schoeneck/Vogtland, Hartenstein, Geyer, Floha, Pockau-Lengefeld, Klingenberg, and the Zittauer Mountains. Over nearly 6,000 hectares of forest, Saxony Forestry is distributing around 17,757 tonnes of magnesium lime by helicopter.

The acidic environment in the affected forests, which particularly affects the hilly regions in the Vogtland, Ore Mountains, Upper Lusatian Mountains, and Zittauer Mountains, leads to nutrient deficiency and can release toxic heavy metals. The goal of the liming is to buffer the soil and approach natural pH values.

Although air quality has improved, the soil chemistry in many forests is still disturbed. The effectiveness of the lime measure is regularly monitored through soil condition surveys. The natural limes used in the lime flights are considered harmless to health.

It's important to note that entering the affected forest areas during lime flights is prohibited for safety reasons. Residues on mushrooms, berries, or plants should be rinsed off before consumption. The forest districts provide information about the closure times online.

The extent of affected forests in the mountain regions of Vogtland, Erzgebirge, Oberlausitzer Gebirge, and Zittauer Gebirge remains limited due to ongoing forest management measures, natural regeneration processes, and specific local conditions. Precise affected areas vary but are generally monitored and documented by regional forestry authorities.

The action serves the long-term healing of acidified forest soils. The lime measure meets the standards of PEFC and FSC certification, ensuring sustainable and environmentally friendly practices.

This systematic and scientifically accompanied project is a testament to Saxony's commitment to preserving its natural resources for future generations.