Antarctic morning reveals a Type B killer whale at the spout in the Gerlache Strait.

In the vast expanse of the Indian Ocean, two enigmatic creatures share the waters off the coast of Madagascar - the whale shark and the whale. While they may seem similar, these giants of the deep belong to different families, with whale sharks being a type of shark, and whales being mammals.

Whale sharks, despite their enormous size, can reach lengths of up to 61.7 feet, are not whales. They are crucial to a healthy marine ecosystem, helping to distribute nutrients and keeping prey species in check. Conversely, whales, with their lungs that breathe air, are mammals. They have hair, a fact often overlooked, and a distinctive blowhole on the top of their head for breathing, functioning much like a nostril.

Madagascar serves as an important habitat for both these creatures. Whale sharks find refuge in its waters, while whales are protected by law in the island nation. However, whale sharks are not yet legally protected in Madagascar, a situation that conservationists are urging to change to better preserve this endangered species.

The first protective measures for whales in Madagascar were enacted in the early 2000s, marking a significant step in strengthening conservation efforts for the whale shark. Scientists can identify individual whales by the shape of their spout, a characteristic that is also true for whale sharks.

Whales and whale sharks share another unique trait - they can't breathe underwater. When a whale surfaces, what is often depicted as a spout of water is actually the whale's breath. This breath can reveal valuable information about their health, stress levels, and the presence of pollutants, providing scientists with invaluable insights.

One distinct difference between these two creatures lies in their tail movements. A whale's tail moves up and down, while a shark's tail moves from side to side. Another fascinating difference is in their vocalisation. Not all whales sing, and the singing is documented in baleen whales like humpbacks, fin whales, blue whales, and bowhead whales. Males learn how to sing from other whales, and the songs can change over time, allowing researchers to identify specific populations.

As we continue to learn more about these magnificent creatures, it is crucial to ensure their survival. Conservation efforts in Madagascar are a step in the right direction, and it is hoped that formal measures will soon be enacted to protect the endangered whale shark, ensuring their continued presence in the waters off the coast of this beautiful island nation.

Antarctic morning reveals a Type B killer whale at the spout in the Gerlache Strait.