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In Germany, insect stings can be more than just a nuisance. For some individuals, they can trigger allergic reactions that range from mild to life-threatening.

Common symptoms of allergic reactions to insect stings include localized pain, swelling, redness, itching, and hives at the sting site. These symptoms often last a few hours to days. In some cases, larger local reactions with extensive swelling around the sting site may occur. Systemic symptoms such as fatigue, warmth around the sting area, and in severe cases, anaphylactic shock, can also be present [1][2].

Anaphylactic shock is a serious and potentially life-threatening reaction. Symptoms include widespread skin redness, swelling, rashes, itching over large body areas, difficulty breathing, cardiovascular problems, and potentially respiratory or circulatory arrest [3].

Common types of stinging insects in Germany include bees, hornets, and German yellowjacket wasps. These insects can provoke symptoms ranging from mild local reactions to serious allergies [1][2].

Treatment for insect stings focuses on symptom relief and emergency intervention. Immediate removal of the stinger is crucial to prevent further venom spread [1]. Application of ice can help reduce swelling and pain, while antihistamines can alleviate itching and allergic symptoms [1]. Non-drowsy antihistamines such as fexofenadine (e.g., Allegra®) are effective for itch and hives relief without sedation [4].

For severe allergic reactions or anaphylaxis, prompt administration of an adrenaline (epinephrine) auto-injector is critical, followed by emergency medical care [3]. First aid responders should recognise signs of allergic shock and act quickly, including helping with emergency medication and performing supportive measures like placing the person in the stable side position if unconscious but breathing [3].

Insect stings can also lead to local infections if scratched, potentially causing a massive local infection. It's essential to avoid scratching and instead use cooling methods to alleviate symptoms [5].

In the Ennepe-Ruhr district, 384 AOK insured individuals were treated for insect stings on an outpatient basis last year. Bee stings often lead to more severe symptoms than wasp stings [6].

If you experience increasing and persistent reddened swelling after an insect sting, consult a doctor immediately. In case of an anaphylactic shock, contact emergency medical services (112) right away, as it requires immediate attention [7].

Stay safe this summer by being aware of the risks associated with insect stings and knowing how to respond appropriately.

Science has uncovered the potential dangers of insect stings beyond just being a nuisance, especially for individuals with allergic reactions.
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