Investigation Reveals Connection Between Gut Infection and Alzheimer's Disease Progression
New Study Sheds Light on Potential Link Between Common Gut Infection and Alzheimer's Disease
Researchers from Arizona State University and Banner Alzheimer's Institute have made a groundbreaking discovery that could revolutionise our understanding of Alzheimer's disease. They have identified a potential connection between a common gut infection and the onset of Alzheimer's in certain individuals.
The virus in question is cytomegalovirus (HCMV), which may linger in the body in an active state, particularly in the gut. The team's findings suggest that the virus might travel to the brain through the vagus nerve, a key pathway linking the gut and brain.
Once in the brain, the virus can trigger immune responses and other changes that are commonly associated with Alzheimer's disease. Exposure to HCMV in human brain cell models led to increased production of amyloid and tau proteins, both closely linked to Alzheimer's disease, and caused neuronal damage and death.
The researchers have identified a unique subtype of Alzheimer's disease that may account for a significant proportion of cases. This subtype is characterised by hallmark features like amyloid plaques and tau tangles in the brain, as well as distinct biological markers related to HCMV. The researchers found evidence of HCMV infection and specific antibodies in samples from patients' intestines, brain tissue, and spinal fluid.
The comprehensive approach taken by the researchers has helped link gut infections to systemic and neurological changes associated with Alzheimer's. The team's findings have sparked new questions about the potential for existing antiviral drugs to treat or prevent this specific form of Alzheimer's.
The researchers are developing a blood test to detect active HCMV infections in Alzheimer's patients. When used with other Alzheimer's diagnostics, this blood test could identify individuals who may benefit from antiviral treatments. The new approach could open up avenues for managing or even preventing Alzheimer's in affected individuals.
Collaborations with institutions such as the Translational Genomics Research Institute, UMass Chan Medical School, and Rush University Medical Center contributed to this research. The study represents a significant step forward in understanding the role of infections in Alzheimer's disease.
The role of microglia, the brain's immune cells, is significant in this research. Prolonged activation of microglia can lead to chronic inflammation and neuronal damage. Further research is needed to confirm these results and test potential treatments for Alzheimer's.
The researchers hope this work will inspire others to investigate the role of infections in neurodegenerative diseases, leading to new treatments for Alzheimer's and improved lives for those affected and their families. Arizona's unique biorepositories provided critical samples, including brain and body donations, for studying tissues from the same individuals.
The findings emphasise the importance of exploring how infections can influence brain health. As research continues, we may uncover new ways to combat this devastating disease and improve the lives of millions worldwide.
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