Questioning the impartiality of scientific research

In the realm of scientific advancement, a new approach is gaining traction - the democratic approach to science. This method aims to make the research process more transparent and accountable to society, fostering a more inclusive and equitable scientific community.

One model for this shift can be seen in "citizen science" projects, where local communities' needs are considered part of the scientific research process. Universities involved in these projects prioritise the needs of the communities they serve, ensuring that research is relevant and beneficial to those it affects.

The traditional ideal of absolute objectivity in science is being reconsidered, with many arguing that it does not devalue science but rather makes it more honest and accountable. Abandoning this myth allows us to acknowledge that cultural values and beliefs always influence science and scientists, helping to reduce the potential for scientific research to reinforce social stereotypes or reflect biased societal views.

For instance, the traditional description of the fertilization process portrayed the egg cell as "passive" and the sperm cell as the "active conqueror". However, recent discoveries have shown that fertilization is a mutual process where both cells work together. This shift in understanding coincided with the era of more egalitarian views on gender roles, demonstrating the impact of societal values on scientific understanding.

The democratic approach to science also proposes that society should collectively determine the values guiding scientific research. Researchers involved in the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) project "Governing by Values" emphasize the participation of patients and the public in this process.

As debates about vaccines, abortions, climate, and gender become political weapons, the question of trust in science comes to the fore. The democratic approach to science aims to build trust by ensuring that research is guided by values that are collectively determined and transparent.

Neuroscience, for example, has traditionally been built around the hierarchy of "brain controls body", reflecting societal views on power and subordination. However, the democratic approach encourages a more holistic understanding of the brain and body, challenging these outdated assumptions.

Examples of democratic models include "citizen science" projects, where communities are actively involved in the research process. These projects demonstrate the potential for community involvement in scientific research, fostering a more inclusive and equitable scientific community.

In conclusion, the democratic approach to science offers a promising new direction for scientific research and decision-making. By making the research process more transparent and accountable to society, we can ensure that science reflects the values of the people it serves and contributes to a more equitable and inclusive world.