Surgical Aftermath: Recognising Indicators, Manifestations, and Triggers

Surgical Post-Blues: Identifying Markers, Indications, and Originators

In the aftermath of a surgical procedure, it is not uncommon for individuals to experience depression. This emotional state can be triggered by various factors, some of which may increase the risk for certain groups of people.

Anyone can experience depression following surgery, but certain factors can heighten the likelihood. For instance, longer recovery periods, significant changes to quality of life, ongoing pain or chronic illness, additional therapies causing discomforts, more serious surgeries, living with certain medical conditions, and residing in long-term care facilities are all potential risk factors.

Some surgeries, such as bariatric surgery, heart surgery, cancer surgeries, amputation, and spinal surgery, have been associated with a higher risk of depression. Additionally, individuals with pre-existing cognitive deficits, such as dementia, those aged over 65, those suffering from malnutrition, those with multiple systemic diseases, those with sensory impairments, and those undergoing extensive, emergency, or high-risk surgeries (cardiac, visceral, spine) are at an increased risk. Postoperative complications like pain, infections, and medication effects also contribute to this risk.

Depression can have serious consequences, increasing the risk of post-surgery complications such as chronic pain, decreased quality of life, and mortality. Common signs of depression may include low or depressed mood, loss of interest in enjoyable activities, lack of energy, difficulties in thinking, psychomotor disturbances, hard time making decisions, depressed appetite, sleep disturbances, and suicidal ideation.

It is crucial to seek help if experiencing these signs and symptoms following surgery. Unfortunately, doctors may not always screen for or ask about depression before or after a surgical procedure, making it essential for individuals to recognise these symptoms.

Post-surgery recovery involves addressing both physical needs and mental health conditions, such as depression. Feelings of guilt, worry about recovery time, concerns about other treatments, stress associated with missed work and changes at home, side effects of pain medication, ongoing pain, depression before the procedure, and chronic stress leading to the development of major depressive disorder can all contribute to the development of depression following surgery.

In conclusion, depression following surgery is a common occurrence that can have serious consequences. It is important to be aware of the risk factors, recognise the signs and symptoms, and seek help if needed to ensure a successful recovery.