The reason behind HIV/AIDS's high fatality rate is discussed here.

HIV/AIDS, a global health crisis, continues to pose significant challenges worldwide. The virus, which primarily targets CD4+ T cells, a crucial component of the immune system, can persist in latent reservoirs within the body, even when viral levels in the blood are undetectable.

Antiretretroviral therapy (ART) has been a game-changer in managing HIV/AIDS. By suppressing the virus and preventing it from replicating, ART helps preserve immune function. However, it requires lifelong adherence to treatment and continuous medication, which can be burdensome, particularly in resource-limited settings. Latent HIV can reactivate if ART is discontinued, leading to a resurgence of the virus.

The economic impact of HIV/AIDS is substantial, particularly in areas where the disease is widespread. The social impact also plays a significant role, with stigma and discrimination associated with HIV/AIDS discouraging individuals from seeking testing and treatment. In regions where HIV is heavily stigmatized, individuals may delay or avoid diagnosis, increasing the likelihood of unknowingly transmitting the virus to others.

Stigma contributes to a lack of education about HIV transmission, leading to misinformation and fear. Without effective treatment, HIV infection gradually progresses to AIDS, characterized by a critically low count of CD4+ T cells. AIDS leaves the body vulnerable to opportunistic infections and diseases that are typically rare in healthy individuals, such as Pneumocystis pneumonia, tuberculosis, cytomegalovirus, Kaposi's sarcoma, toxoplasmosis, and brain inflammation.

The international organization dedicated to combating HIV and AIDS is the World Health Organization (WHO), founded on April 7, 1948. The WHO, currently led by Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus since July 2017, plays a crucial role in addressing the global HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Sub-Saharan Africa bears a significant burden of HIV cases due to a combination of social, economic, and healthcare factors. Global inequities impact access to antiretroviral treatment, exacerbating the spread and impact of HIV/AIDS in poorer regions.

Depression and anxiety are common among people with HIV/AIDS, impacting their quality of life and making it harder to maintain social connections and adhere to medication schedules. The high rate of replication and genetic mutation of HIV makes it challenging to develop a vaccine or a definitive cure. HIV uses the cell's machinery to produce new virus particles, which are released to infect other cells.

In conclusion, understanding HIV/AIDS requires acknowledging its complex nature and the challenges it presents. With continued efforts from global health organizations, improved access to treatment, and a reduction in stigma, we can work towards controlling the spread and impact of this disease.