Veterinary Insights: Understanding the Prescription Medication Apoquel for Canines in Detail

Apoquel is a prescription medication specifically designed to help manage itchiness and treat allergic skin conditions in dogs. This medication, containing the active ingredient oclacitinib maleate, is only available through a vet.

The medication is typically used to treat atopy, a common form of skin allergies in dogs caused by an allergic reaction to inhaled allergens such as pollen, food, insect stings, or environmental factors. Apoquel works by quickly alleviating itch within days, improving the dog's comfort.

Dosage of Apoquel is calculated based on a dog's body weight and may be initially given twice daily. After two weeks, the dosage is decreased to a once-daily maintenance dose. It can be given with food or on an empty stomach and can be stopped immediately if needed.

Apoquel helps to control pruritus (itchiness) in dogs with allergic skin diseases by reducing the action of signaling molecules called cytokines, preventing the transmission of 'itch signals' to the brain. This, in turn, stops signals that make inflammatory cells accumulate in the skin, lowering inflammation and redness.

While side effects of Apoquel are relatively uncommon, they can include vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy. It is important to monitor your dog's health closely and report any unusual symptoms to your vet.

Dogs can safely take Apoquel long-term for their allergies, with regular monitoring by a vet. However, it should not be used in pregnant or lactating dogs, dogs under one year old, or dogs with serious infections.

It is important to note that atopy is a diagnosis of exclusion, meaning that food allergies and flea allergies must be ruled out before a definitive diagnosis can be made. Other types of medication that may be useful for dogs with excessively itchy skin include glucocorticoids, monoclonal antibodies, ciclosporin, immunotherapy, and antihistamines. Hyposensitization injections ("allergy shots") can also be beneficial for managing atopy in dogs.

In conclusion, Apoquel is one of several medications that a vet may reach for in an effort to provide relief for a pet with allergies. It is crucial to speak to a vet about the various treatment options available for a pet with allergies to ensure the best course of action is taken. Regular monitoring and open communication with your vet will help ensure your dog's comfort and wellbeing.